تأثیر مالی سبز و مسئولیت اجتماعی شرکت بر عملکرد زیست‌محیطی با میانجی‌گری نوآوری سبز

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار گروه مدیریت بازرگانی، دانشکده اقتصاد، مدیریت و حسابداری، دانشگاه یزد، یزد، ایران.

2 استادیار گروه مدیریت بازرگانی، دانشکده اقتصاد، مدیریت و حسابداری، دانشگاه یزد، یزد، ایران.

3 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد مدیریت بازرگانی، دانشکده اقتصاد، مدیریت و حسابداری، دانشگاه یزد، یزد، ایران.

چکیده

هدف اصلی این پژوهش بررسی تأثیر مالی سبز و مسئولیت اجتماعی بر عملکرد زیست‌محیطی با میانجی‌گری نوآوری سبز در شرکت‌های کوچک و متوسط شهر یزد است. این پژوهش از نظر هدف، کاربردی و از نظر روش، از نوع توصیفی ـ همبستگی است. جامعه آماری پژوهش، مدیران ارشد و میانی شرکت‌های کوچک و متوسط شهر یزد هستند. برای اندازه‌گیری شرکت‌های کوچک و متوسط از معیار تعداد نیروی انسانی استفاده شد. شرکت‌هایی که دارای 149 نفر نیروی انسانی و کمتر هستند به‌عنوان صنایع کوچک و متوسط در نظر گرفته شد که تعداد 1566 شرکت شامل صنایع کوچک و متوسط هستند. تعداد نمونه 321 شرکت است. روش نمونه‌گیری این پژوهش، از نوع غیراحتمالی در دسترس است. داده‌های مورد نیاز پژوهش از طریق پرسش‌نامه استاندارد جمع‌آوری گردید. داده‌های پژوهش با استفاده از الگوی معادلات ساختاری با استفاده از نرم‌افزار اسمارت پی.آل.‌اس، مورد تجزیه‌وتحلیل قرار گرفتند. نتایج پژوهش نشان ‌داد که مالی سبز بر عملکرد زیست‌محیطی تأثیر معنادار دارد. مسئولیت اجتماعی شرکت بر عملکرد زیست‌محیطی تأثیر معنادار دارد. مالی سبز بر عملکرد زیست‌محیطی با در نظر گرفتن نقش میانجی نوآوری سبز تأثیر معنادار دارد. مسئولیت اجتماعی شرکت بر عملکرد زیست‌محیطی با در نظر گرفتن نقش میانجی نوآوری سبز تأثیر معنادار دارد. شرکت‌ها باید در فناوری‌های سبز و نوآوری‌های سبز سرمایه‌گذاری کنند تا اثرات زیست‌محیطی خود را کاهش دهند؛ ازاین‌رو، بهره‌گیری از برنامه‌های تشویقی مالی مانند تخفیفات مالیاتی یا پاداش‌های مالی برای شرکت‌هایی که در زمینۀ نوآوری سبز فعالیت می‌کنند، باعث بهبود فرآیندهای نوآوری‌های سبز و سرمایه‌گذاری در انرژی‌های تجدیدپذیر خواهد شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Impact of Green Finance and Corporate Social Responsibility on Environmental Performance: The Mediating Role of Green Innovation

نویسندگان [English]

  • Alireza Rajabipour Meybodi 1
  • Maryam Ahmadi Zahrani 2
  • Mohammad Saebi 3
1 Associate Professor Department of Management Sciences, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Management Sciences, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran.
3 Master of Science Graduated Student, Department of Management Sciences, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Abstract
Introduction
The primary objective of this study is to examine the impact of green finance and corporate social responsibility (CSR) on environmental performance, with green innovation serving as a mediating variable among Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) in Yazd, Iran. The research is applied in purpose and descriptive–correlational in method. The target population consisted of senior and middle managers of SMEs in Yazd, defined as enterprises with 149 or fewer employees, resulting in a total of 1,566 identified firms. Using a non-probability convenience sampling method, 321 SMEs were selected. Data were collected through standardized questionnaires and analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) via SmartPLS software.
The results indicate that both green finance and CSR exert significant positive effects on environmental performance. Additionally, each variable indirectly enhances environmental performance through the mediating role of green innovation. These findings suggest that SMEs should invest in green technologies and environmentally friendly innovations to mitigate environmental degradation. Financial incentive mechanisms—such as tax reductions and monetary rewards for firms engaging in green innovation—can further accelerate the adoption of renewable energy and other sustainable practices.
Research Method
This study is classified as applied research in terms of its objective and as descriptive-survey research in terms of methodology. The research population comprised senior and middle managers of SMEs in Yazd, totaling 1,566 individuals, according to the Yazd Industry, Mine, and Trade House. Based on Morgan’s table, the minimum required sample size was 310 participants, and a total of 321 valid responses were collected through non-probability convenience sampling.
Measurement instruments were adapted from established studies as follows:

Green Innovation: Khan et al. (2019), 5 items
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR): Kraus et al. (2020), 11 items covering social, environmental, and economic dimensions
Green Finance: Zheng et al. (2021), 12 items encompassing economic, environmental, social, and green resource sub-dimensions
Environmental Performance: Wang et al. (2021), 6 items

Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) were applied to assess the measurement and structural models. Reliability for all constructs was confirmed, with Cronbach’s alpha coefficients exceeding the 0.7 threshold.
Findings
Direct-effect hypotheses were tested prior to examining indirect (mediated) effects. Path coefficients and T-statistics were used to determine significance, with relationships deemed significant at T-values greater than |1.96| (95% confidence level). The results revealed the following:

Green finance positively and significantly affects environmental performance (β = 0.686, T = 16.257), supporting Hypothesis 1.
CSR positively and significantly affects environmental performance (β = 0.227, T = 4.742), confirming Hypothesis 2.
Green finance positively and significantly affects green innovation (β = 0.289, T = 3.688), confirming Hypothesis 3.
CSR positively and significantly affects green innovation (β = 0.148, T = 2.128), confirming Hypothesis 4.
Green innovation positively and significantly affects environmental performance (β = 0.263, T = 6.955), confirming Hypothesis 5.

The mediating role of green innovation was validated through the Sobel test, confirming significant mediation in the relationships between green finance and environmental performance (Hypothesis 6) and between CSR and environmental performance (Hypothesis 7).
Conclusion
The results demonstrate that green finance and corporate social responsibility both positively influence environmental performance, with green innovation serving as a critical mediating mechanism. This study contributes to the expanding body of literature on sustainable business practices by showing how financial support mechanisms and socially responsible organizational commitments can translate into improved environmental outcomes through innovation.
Green finance provides essential resources for the development of environmentally friendly technologies, while CSR motivates firms to pursue sustainable initiatives. Consequently, organizations that strategically invest in green finance and embrace CSR practices can significantly enhance their environmental performance, benefiting both themselves and broader ecological systems. This research offers an integrated conceptual and empirical framework linking finance, responsibility, and innovation, thereby providing valuable insights for future studies on corporate environmental performance and sustainability-oriented business strategies.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Keywords: Green Finance
  • Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)
  • Green Innovation
  • Environmental Performance
  • Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs)

مراجع

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فصلنامه اقتصاد محیط زیست و منابع طبیعی
دوره 5، شماره 11
فروردین 1404
صفحه 63-94

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 31 تیر 1404
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 09 مهر 1404
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 03 آبان 1404

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